Matter and Its States

Matter and Its States
States of Matter
1. There are three states of matters: solid, liquid, and gas.
2. Based on the kinetic theory of a matter, all matters are composed of particles that continuously move.

Density
1. Density of matter is mass per unit vol­ume of the matter itself.
2. Every matter has fixed density.

Expansion
1. A matter expands when it is heated and contracts when it is cooled.
2. Expansion occurs because the atoms/ molecules of an object vibrate faster than usual, so that its volume is bigger and, hence, the density of the object itself decreases.
3. Bimetal strip is a plate which is made of two kinds of metals with different speed of expansion and surrounded or stuck into one.
4. The kinds of materials, the length, and the change of temperature influence the solid expansion.
5. The length expansion coefficient is a number that states how high an expan­sion speed of an object is.

Heat
1. Thermal energy of a matter is the total energy of particles composing a mat­ter.
2. Heat and temperature are related, but different. The temperature of a matter is its average kinetic energy of the form­ing particles. Heat is the heat energy transfering from the hot matter to the cooler matter.
3. Different matters have different specific heat capacity too.
4. The specific heat capacity of a matter can be used to calculate the change of heat of the matter itself.
5. The change of the state of matter can be explained by using kinetic theory of matter.
6. The heat of fusion and vapour can overcome the forcing energy among the particles of a certain matter.